Good courtroom habits help you explain your position clearly and follow the hearing. Preparation and respectful conduct matter whether you have an attorney or represent yourself.

Before the hearing

Check the notice for the correct date, time, courthouse, department, and appearance method. Allow time for parking and security. For a remote hearing, check the court’s instructions and test your connection in advance. Contact the courtroom promptly if you are delayed; do not assume the court has excused your appearance.

Organize filed papers, orders, and exhibits so you can find a specific page. Check filing, service, and exhibit deadlines before the hearing. Bringing copies on the day does not necessarily make a document admissible or satisfy an earlier deadline.

Prepare a short outline: the order you are asking for, the main supporting facts, and the documents you expect to discuss. Keep it focused on the issues set for that hearing.

In the courtroom

• Check in as directed by the clerk or bailiff.
• Address the judicial officer as “Your Honor.” Follow instructions about standing or remaining seated; tell staff if you need an accommodation.
• Let each person finish speaking. Write a brief note of a point you want to answer rather than interrupting.
• Speak clearly, one person at a time. Answer the question asked and say when you do not understand it.
• Stay factual. Avoid insults, exaggerated claims, gestures, or arguments with the other party.

A useful response identifies the point and the supporting fact: “Your Honor, the payment was made on March 3. The confirmation is on page 2 of the statement.” The date and document in this example are fictional.

Dress and devices

Choose neat, comfortable clothing suitable for a formal appointment and follow the court’s dress rules. Arrange childcare when possible unless the court directs you to bring a child. Silence your phone and follow staff instructions about devices, food, and drinks.

Do not photograph, record, or broadcast proceedings without the required permission. California Rules of Court, rule 1.150 governs these activities. Even a personal audio recording for notes requires the judge’s advance permission under subdivision (d). Permission to attend remotely is not permission to record.

Before you leave

Write down the orders, deadlines, and next hearing date. Ask the judge to clarify something you did not understand. Confirm who must prepare the written order and how you will receive it. If you have an attorney for only part of the case, confirm whether that task is included in the limited scope representation.

For help preparing, see free and reduced-cost family law assistance. Court self-help staff can explain procedures; they do not represent you at the hearing.

Sources checked October 24, 2026: California Courts’ tips for your day in court, Orange County’s family court preparation guide, and rule 1.150. Follow the instructions for your own courtroom.